For this experiment rotate the system manually for taking reading, arrange the set up. The accuracy of cam followers is shown in table 2, table 3. Objective the purpose of these experiments is to introduce the most important of all analog building blocks, the operational amplifier opamp for short. A cam follower mate is a type of tangent or coincident mate. Cam followers come in a vast array of different configurations, however the most defining characteristic is how the cam follower mounts to its mating part. Part of a uniformvelocity cam graph is shown in fig. Since the cam follower is supported in a cantilever position, the mounting hole diameter should be prepared without play between the stud and the hole especially when heavy shock loads are applied. Mechanical engineering, theory of machines tagged with. Diameter of base circle 150mm, lift 18mm, diameter. However, the manufacturing of cams is expensive and the wear effect due to the. A project report on cam follower utility in internal.
To design a cam profile by using the requirement graph using online engineering handbook and verify the same using a 3d mechanism on cad. Towards the motion of this event, the cam performance can be determined due to horizontal position of the cam and follower system. The contact end of the follower is roller and the rolling motion exists between the cam and. To study various types of kinem a tics links, pairs. Cam bounce speeds for different cam and follower combinations, and comparison of speeds to those predicted. Cam mechanism is widely applied in industry because it can help achieve various complex. Then, a new threemass, twodegreeoffreedom dynamic model was created. The selection of springs, followers and cams allow for a wide range of investigations.
Camshaft is the brain of the engine must include cam lobes, bearing. The accuracy of the output or the follower will depend on the cam and follower being in contact at. Proper design of cam and follower is required for perfect. Explain what a cam is, how it is used, and the typical types of cams identify force closed and form closed followers and explain the benefits and limitations of each describe the primary types of cam motion programs introduction to cam design source. I have a very small radial disk cam with an oscillating roller follower that has high contact stress between the cam and roller. Accuracy cam followers are manufactured with the dimensional tolerances shown in table 4. Cam and follower is a type of assembly, both works together in any machine element. Cam runner idlerrollerscam followers cam runner idlerrollers give designers a new way to control linear motion and support the lighter loads that dont require the heavyduty performance of osborns load runners idlerrollers. The follower rotates in an oscillating or circular arc. Error occur during the experiment compare to graphical method. Although theyre dimensionally interchangeable with conventional needlebearing cam followers. Research article cam follower mechanism simulation. This handout gives an introduction to these amplifiers and a smattering of the various configurations that they can be used in.
In static analysis different types of stress developed in cam. The cam transfers rotational motion into linear motion by rotating the cam. Cam and follower design basics design of cam profiles and. An experimental study of diesel engine cam and follower wear with particular reference to the properties of the materials article in wear 2401. The cams are usually rotated at uniform speed by a shaft, but the follower motion is predetermined and will be according to the shape of the cam. Before going to the actual design of cam profile, lets look at the basic terminologies.
In future, the analytical results will be complemented by experiment. Me 4201 machine design lab section 3 group 4 experiment 4camfollower experiment jordan gautreau khalil hamed dallas amond michael mannino abstract a camfollower system is a very simple mechanism used to control and convert one type of motion to another type of motion. Cam and follower the cam and the follower have a line contact and constitute a higher pair. Traditionally, in a cam follower system, the cam is often operated at a constant speed and the motion characteristics of the follower are determined once the cam displacement curve is designed.
After the model was validated, a controlled impact and overtravel mechanism was designed, manufactured, and assembled to a simplified industrial cam follower system, the cam dynamic test machine cdtm. Cams can provide unusual and irregular motions that may be impossible with the other types of mechanisms. Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy. The cam follower pair is a very complex lubricated contact because its continuous variation of load, speed and radius of curvature. This thesis is a analyzing of disk cam motion follower shape in horizontal position using roller follower. Cam are mounted on the end of a shaft driven by a variable speed motor.
A high voltage stylus pen attached to the follower traces the follower lift on teledeltos paper mounted on. Hello everyone, i would like to ask if anyone could please help me with the following situation. The cam and the follower have a line contact and constitute a higher pair. Cam analysis machine tm1021v experiment cam analysis machine. Camfollower report final me 4201 machine design lab. Analysis and study of cam and follower through ansys. Follower driven in a cam follower pair, the cam normally rotates while the follower may translate or oscillate. The driver is called cam and driven is called follower. The cam transfers rotational motion into linear motion by rotating the cam by a shaft connected to an electric motor. Cam follower motions engineering drawing joshua nava arts. Chapter 10 modeling cam follower systems 267 10 note that in this model, the springs k1 and k2 combine in parallel to compute. Cam and followers are the example of higher pair due to the line contact between them.
From the kinematic point of view, the approach by varying cam input driving speed is an alternative way for improving the follower motion characteristics. It allows you to mate a cylinder, plane, or point to a series of tangent extruded faces, such as you would find on a cam. Cams and followers are easily changed and graphs for the variety of cams can be created to compare the linear change with the rise and fall of the follower. Pdf lab manual of theory of machine irshad ahmad khan.
In both cases the input to the system is the designed cam displacement st and the output is the motion xt of the mass. The mechanism for cam and the mechanism for follower depend upon each other so that the main mechanism of cam and follower. The contact load between cam and follower was set 930 n in maximum value with an adjusting device of valve spring assembly. A cam is a mechanical device used to transmit motion to a follower by direct contact. Cam follower friction experiment mixed lubrication regime nonlinear dynamics abstract a new dynamic experiment is proposed to estimate the coefficient of friction for a mechanical system with a combined rollingsliding contact under a mixed lubrication regime. The time period, t, of the follower move up and down and cam. What is cam and follower types of followers explained with. Sep 16, 2017 hello everyone, in this video we are going to discuss what is cam and follower. The mechanism of cam and follower is essential in the engineering field and has many different functions to the different machines.
A theoretical and experimental study of the tribology of a cam and follower by guangrui zhu m. It becomes a twodof system once the cam and follower. A cam is a rotating body importing oscillating motor to the follower. Experimental results of a cycloidal camfollower system n 0, d 0. In the cam follower with seals, a special thrust washer is employed for the sliding surface inside the bearing to improve heatseizure resistance. The time period, t, of the follower move up and down and cam rotation angle, can be measured and analyzed. Experiment setup here taking circular eccentric cam. This type of follower can be used with a steep cam motion and does not jam. Experimental verification are necessary but very difficult to perform. Application of cam and follower types of cams types of cam followers concept and definition. Request for material recommendation for cam and follower.
Introduction the cam analysis machine cam has been designed to enable students. Cam follower speed limit rpm rbc roller cam followers. Note1 also applicable to the cam follower g, clube cam follower and cylindrical roller cam follower. Take a pencil and a book to do an experiment as shown above. Introduction of cams and types of cam and followers. The follower arm swings or oscillates in a circular arc with respect to the follower pivot. Solved problems based on cam profiles engineering tutorials. Cams theory of machines engineering reference with worked.
Barrel ball input propulsion onoff mechanism cam and follower implementation cam and follower project group 1 jeff adkins brok dawley huynh ngoc lu guangyu alex nowysz the basics computer aided conceptual design and modeling of a device that uses cam and follower mechanism. The objective of this thesis is to analyze disk cam profile using roller follower that neglected the friction as the interruption. Pdf on may 1, 1988, guangrui zhu and others published a theoretical and experimental study of the tribiology of a cam and follower find, read. Most suitable as a guide roller for cam mechanisms and linear motion of automated machines and dedicated machines. Apr 10, 2020 1 uniform velocity this motion is used where the follower is required to rise or fall at a constant speed, and is often referred to as straightline motion. Cam analysis apparatus machines mechanical engineering. Using least square fit method 7, we can obtain the velocity of follower from the displacement signal, and the jerk from the acceleration signal. Draw your cam and cam follower on the thick foamie sheet and cut them out. A project report on cam follower utility in internal combustion engine 1. Sagar institute of research and technology, bhopal experiment no. Me372 mechanical design ii cams experimental lab page 1 of 8 s2007 gr. During analysis data will be process, high speed will be select from the types of speed of cam in follower system. The angular position of the cam is shown on a protractor and a pointer.
Cam mechanisms are widely used because with them, different types of motion can be possible. It is not used in practice because small area of contact surface results in high rate of wear at the edges due to which the transmission of motion may not be accurate as desired. An experimental study of the effects of cam speeds on cam. Feb 03, 2016 however, a roller follower can possibly jam during steep cam displacements. Make the book an inclined plane and use the pencil as a slider use your hand as a guide. This paper presents a method for designing of a radial cam on the worksheet of mathcad including the calculation of followers displacements, values of its velocities and accelerations, the optimization of the contour of a cam by choosing the. Cam mechanism is a case of a higher pair with line contact. The cam analysis machine cam has been designed to enable students. A flatfaced follower consists of a follower that is formed with a large, flat surface available to contact the cam. Although we checked the errors, but if you mark some error, let us known in the comment box. A high voltage stylus pen attached to the follower traces the follower lift on teledeltos paper mounted on a drum.
Background and theory the cam follower experiment is a representation of a mechanical system in 4 which a cam is used to increase the mechanical efficiency of the system. Angle of cam rotation curve for different cam follower pairs. To study various type of cam and follower arrangements. All cam mechanisms are composed of at least there links viz. Background and theory the cam follower experiment is a. The exact profile of the cam can be obtained by taking observations. This thesis also analyzes the disk cam motion in horizontal follower position. Cam is a mechanical member for transmitting a desired motion to a follower by direct contact. Experimental study of engine camfollowers enrico ciulli 1, bruno piccigallo 2, dagoberto vela 1department of mechanical, nuclear and manufacturing engineering, university of pisa, italy email. This is a plate cam with the follower riding in a groove in the face of the cam.
Pdf cam mechanisms are integral parts of many products. The camfollower pair is a very complex lubricated contact because its continuous variation of load, speed and radius of curvature. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the results with the theoretical values given by a velocity diagram and to study the variation in the. The cam follower is a compact bearing with a highrigidity shaft and a builtin needle bearing. Title to study various types of cam and follower arrangements. To plot follower displacement vs cam rotation for various cam. Note that as long as the force between cam and shoe is 0 in the forceclosed system the cam and follower remain in contact. The xo plot can be used to find out the velocity and acceleration of the follower system. Analysis and simulation of cam follower mechanism using. Cam and follower are widely used in regulating, opening and closing of valves inlet and exhaust in the internal combustion engines. The basic purpose of using the cam follower is converting the rotary motion of the cam to the translating or oscillatory motion of the follower. Typical industrial cam follower systems include a force closed cam joint and a follower train containing both substantial mass and stiffness.
Cam followers with special accuracy are also available. Cam and followers are mainly used to transfer rotory motion cam into reciprocating of oscillating motion of follower. It is the surface area of a cam where follower touches. Me 4201 machine design lab section 3 group 4 experiment 4 cam follower experiment jordan gautreau khalil hamed dallas amond michael mannino abstract a cam follower system is a very simple mechanism used to control and convert one type of motion to another type of motion. Usually a flat faced or roller companion to the camshaft that transfers the action of the camshaft to the rest of the valve train by sliding or rolling on the cam lobe. Cam analysis machine tm1021 theory of machines tecquipment. This is the maximum distance that the cam pushes the follower when the valve is open. An experimental study of diesel engine cam and follower.
Cam analysis experiment explanation chandan sinha youtube. Tushar kiran et al analysis and simulation of cam follower mechanism using polynomial cam profile 215 int. This thesis is a analyzing of disk cam motion follower shape in horizontal position using. The driver is called the cam and the driven member is called the follower. Bench mounted apparatus and control and instrumentation unit, for studying the dynamic behaviour of different cams and followers and their bounce speed. To find out the angular displacement of various cam follower pairs.
Cams theory of machines engineering reference with. The motion of the follower from a given cam profile the motion imparted to the follower by a given cam profile may be determined graphically using the reverse process that was described in the last paragraph. Cut the cams smoothly and make sure the cam follower is a little bigger than the. The current cam and follower mechanism in four stroke engines. Pdf analytic analysis of a cam mechanism researchgate.
Cam followers 3 cam followers cam followers are available in two types. Camfollower friction experiment mixed lubrication regime nonlinear dynamics abstract a new dynamic experiment is proposed to estimate the coefficient of friction for a mechanical system with a combined rollingsliding contact under a mixed lubrication regime. The follower system revolves with respect to the center line of the vertical shaft. A cam follower, also known as a track follower, is a specialized type of roller or needle bearing designed to follow cam lobe profiles. Providing the cam and follower remain in contact, this is a one degreeoffreedom dof system. The experiment is designed and instrumented based on an analogous contact. Group 1 cam and follower project by jeff adkins on prezi. In a cam follower pair, the cam normally rotates while the follower may translate or oscillate. Example of cam action concept and definition of cam. The analysis process also focus on the jump force of follower, that effect of vibration factor in cam mechanism system. Cam is a mechanical element which is used to deliver the reciprocating or oscillating motion to another machine element known as follower. Tsai department of mechanical engineering, national cheng kung university, tainan 70101, taiwan, republic of china m. The motion between the cam and follower is sliding.
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